Also, I have the option of staining the island espresso or carbon. I am thinking of a predominately white granite or quartz countertop

Consider black paint on oak. I wouldn't do any of the other colors you mentioned. You could also use black hardware on your cherry doors and drawers that would bring the two together.

Wolverine, would you use oak or maple on the island since I will paint it? I heard that maple takes paint the best, but the one above is very pretty

Maple takes paint very well. If done professionally, it comes out perfectly smooth and even, like an automotive finish. The problem is it shows every scratch or dent that may come along over time. Especially with black. Oak, on the other hand, paints well, but allows the grain and texture of the wood show through, which helps hide wear and tear.
Oftentimes, our clients like the rub through or worn look on the edges of the doors and frames, to add a dose of rustic.
I any case, I suggest a dull sheen to minimize imperfections being noticeable down the road.

Thank you, that is so very helpful!!

Putting together a kitchen color palette can be
confusing! Here is a great article that might help: Kitchen
Color Palette